دیکشنری تخصصی مهندسی نفت - نسخه آنلاین

n: the theory that the earths landforms assumed their present configuration in a brief episode at the beginning of geologic history-possibly in a single great catastrophic event-and have remained relatively unchanged since that time. Compare uniformtarianism. catcher n: a device fitted into a junk basket that retains the junk picked up by the basket catch samples v: to obtain cuttings for geological information as formations are penetrated by the bit The samples are obtained from drilling fluid as it emerges from the wellbore or, in cable-tool drilling, from the bailer. Cuttings are carefully washed until they are free of foreign matter, dried, and labelled to indicate the depth at which they were obtained.

n: a vessel holding sodium hydroxide or other alkalis through which a solution flows for removal of sulphides, mercaptans, or acids.

n: a natural cavity in the earths crust that is large enough to permit human entry. Commonly formed in limestone by groundwater leaching. Compare vug.

n: a rock formation that contains large open spaces, usually resulting from the dissolving of soluble substances by formation waters that may still be present. See vug.

n: A formation having columinous voids, usually the result of dissolving by formation waters which may or may not be still present.

n: the formation and collapse of vapour gas-filled cavities that result from a sudden decrease and increase of pressure. Cavitation can cause mechanical damage to adjacent surfaces in meters, valves, pumps, and pipes at locations where flowing liquid encounters a restriction or change in direction.

the creating of a high speed, very low pressure vapor bubble that quickly and violently collapses. Very detrimental to surfaces in the near proximity. Often seen in severe turbulent flow.

n: The pressure of fluid decreases below saturated vapor pressure and forms jet with numbers of air bubble when the fluid passes through special nozzle. The air bubble forms domestic high pressure when striking the solid border.

a Spar platform with multiple floatation sections. Cellar: a concrete or culvert pipe walled section below ground that often protects and shelters the annular access valves. Also used to house the BOP’s on a drilling well.

n: The valve controlling the fluid passing through well head.

n: The creation of voids in the cement between the casing and the borehole, thereby reducing the effectiveness of the cement bond.